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What is sensitivity?
Dentine sensitivity is a sharp, shooting pain in the teeth, usually experienced when eating hot or cold food and drinks. It is very common, affecting II % to 25% of adults, with women suffering more frequently than men. Sometimes the pain can persist as a dull ache in the affected tooth.
What causes it?
Sensitivity is caused when the dentine of the tooth is exposed, usually due to some trauma, such as erosion of the enamel from acidic drinks, over-brushing, an accident, or a cavity.
It may also be caused by plaque build-up which leads to gum inflammation or recession which exposes the sensitive dentine beneath. Sensitivity can also result from a crack running through the dentine of the tooth. The dentine contains tiny tubules, the fluid contents of which are thought to act as sensory conductors to the nerves in the pulp at the core of the tooth. When the dentine is exposed, the teeth become particularly sensitive.
How do you treat it?
If dentine sensitivity is diagnosed, a range of sensitive toothpastes and mouth rinses are available, as are gentle brushes suitable for sensitive teeth. Some dentists recommend applying a small amount of sensitive paste to the affected tooth or teeth with the finger at intervals through the day, rather than brushing with it in the normal way. This enables you to build up a protective layer, like a varnish, over the affected area. Fluoride in the toothpaste, especially in high concentration, appears to have an effect in reducing sensitivity, as well as being important for preventing decay. |
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If the cause of the sensitivity is gum recession due to over-brushing, you may benefit from advice on correct toothbrushing technique. If you drink a lot of acidic drinks, such as fizzy drinks or orange juice, these may be contributing to the problem by eroding the enamel. Brushing your teeth immediately after an acidic drink actually increases the damage, so it is advisable to wait a while to let the acidity in the mouth return to normal levels, alternatively chew sugarfree gum instead, which helps neutralise plaque acid.
The dentist may suggest carrying out treatment of the teeth, if the sensitivity is severe.
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